SEALICE AND TREATMENTS

SEALICE, CLEANERFISH, AND WRASSE - SEALICE AND BIOLOGY - SEALICE, NUVAN AND DICHLORVOS - SEALICE AND IVERMECTIN - SEALICE AND TREATMENTS

Anon. 1989. Fish de-louser has over 100 users. Fish Farming International 18(7): 72.

Anon. 1991. Lice fight continues. Fish Farming International, July 1990: 54-5.

Anon. 1995. Ectoban will help in fight against salmon lice. Fish Farming International, July 1995: 18-19.

Anon. 1995. Latest weapons in the war on lice. Fish Farmer, March/April 1995: 53-55.

Anon. 1995. New way to kill salmon lice. Fish Farming International 22: 9.

Anon. 1995. Novel new use for Pescalator. Northern Aquaculture 1(6): 20.

Anon. 1996. Funded work on sea lice shows promise. Fish Farmer 19(5): 8.

Anon. 1997. ...delicing tarps supplied too. Fish Farming International 24(7): 29.

Anon. 1997. Feed treatment against lice gains support in Norway. Fish Farming International 24(4): 10.

Anon. 1997. Nutreco ready with its curb on sealice. Fish Farming International 24(4): 3.

Anon. 2000. New approach to louse treatment. Fish Farmer May/June 2000: 39.

Boxaspen, K. & Holm, J. C. 1991. New biocides used against sea lice compared to organo-phosphorus compounds. In: Aquaculture and the Environment 1991, European Aquaculture Society Special Publication, Gent, Belgium. 16: 393-402.

Brandal, P. O. & Egidius, E. 1977. Preliminary report on oral treatment against salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, with neguvon. Aquaculture 10: 177-8.

Brandal, P. O. & Egidius, E. 1979. Treatment of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) with Neguvon - Description of method and equipment. Aquaculture 18: 183-8.

Costelloe, M., Costelloe, J., O'Connor, B. & Smith, P. 1998. Densities of polychaetes in sediments under a salmon farm using ivermectin. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists 18(1): 22-25.

Cusack, R. & Johnson, G. 1988. A study of dichlorvos (Nuvan; 2,2 dichloroethenyl phosphate), a therapeutic agent for sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). ERDA Report No14, Dept. of Microbiology and Pathology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI.

Davies, I. M., McHenery, J. G. & Rae, G. H. 1997. Environmental risk from dissolved ivermectin to marine organisms. Aquaculture 158: 263-275.

Goodwin, S. 1996. Chemicals raise fear of salmon farming. The Independent, 16 September 1996: 7.

Grave, K., Engelstad, M. & Soli, N. E. 1991. Utilisation of dichlorvos and trichlorfon in salmonid farming in Norway during 1981-1988. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 32: 1-7.

Grave, K., Engelstad, M., Soli, N. E. & Toverud, E. L. 1991. Clinical use of dichlorvos (Nuvan) and trichlorvos (Neguvon) in the treatment of salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis. Compliance with the recommended treatment procedures. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 32: 9-14.

Hastein, T. & Bergsjo, T. 1976. The salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis as the cause of disease in farmed salmonids. RivItPiscicIttiop 11: 3-5.

Jackson, D. & Costello, M. J. 1992. Dichlorvos and alternative sealice treatments. In: Aquaculture and the Environment, De Pauw, N. & Joyce, J., European Aquaculture Society Special Publication, Gent, Belgium. 16: 215-221.

Jakobsen, P. J. & Holm, J. C. 1990. Promising tests with new compound against salmon lice. Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, January 1990: 16-8.

Johnson, S. C., Kent, M. L., Whitaker, D. J. & Margolis, L. 1993. Toxicity and pathological effects of orally administered ivermectin in Atlantic, chinook, and coho salmon and steelhead trout. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 17: 107-112.

Landsberg, J. H., Vermeer, G. K., Richards, S. A. & Perry, N. 1991. Control of the parastic copepod Caligus elongatus on pond-reared red drum. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 3: 206-9.

Le Bris, H., Maffart, P., Bocquené, G., Buchet, V., Galgani, F. & Blanc, G. 1995. Laboratory study on the effect of dichlorvos on two commercial bivalves. Aquaculture 138: 139-144.

Lovetro, D. 1998. Hydrogen peroxide in fresh water and marine aquaculture. Northern Aquaculture: Salmon Health Report, March 1998: 13, 15.

MacKinnon, B. M. 1997. Sea lice: a review. World Aquaculture 28(3): 5-10.

Morgan, S. 1996. Guilty plea to using cypermethrin. Northern Aquaculture 2(3): 2.

Murison, D. J., Moore, D. C., McHenery, J. G., Robertson, N. A. & Davies, I. M. 1997. Epiphytic invertebrate assemblages and dichlorvos usage at salmon farms. Aquaculture 159: 53-66.

Needham, T. 1988. Louse treatment needs a sense of proportion. Fish Farmer 11(5): 37.

O'Halloran, J. 1992. Ergasilus labracis on Atlantic salmon. Canadian Veterinary Journal 33: 75.

O'Halloran, J. & Coombs, K. 1993. Treatment of sea lice on Atlantic salmon with ivermectin. Canadian Veterinary Journal 34: 505.

O'Sullivan, K. 1996. Farms told to use new anti-lice agent. Irish Times, 9 April 1996: 4.

O'Sullivan, K. 1997. Fish farmers fear impact of treatment for sea lice. Irish Times, Tuesday, May 6, 1997: 1-3.

Pike, A. W. 1989. Sea Lice - Major Pathogens of Farmed Atlantic Salmon. Parasitology Today 5(9): 291-297.

Pitts, J. 1996. FDA grants extension for new drug treatment used to combat sea lice in Maine. Northern Aquaculture 2(6): 4.

Rach, J. J., Schreier, T. M., Howe, G. E. & Redman, S. D. 1997. Effects of species, life stage and water temperature on the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide to fish. Progressive Fish Culturist 59(1): 41-46.

Rae, G. H. 1979. On the trail of the sea lice. Fish Farmer 2: 22-25.

Rae, G. H. 1999. Sea lice, medicines and a national strategy for control. Fish Veterinary Journal 3: 46-51.

Rae, G. H. 2000. A national treatment strategy for control of sea lice on Scottish salmon farms. Caligus(6): 2-3.

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Reilly, P. 1990. Sea lice control: is vaccination feasible. Aquaculture Ireland 43: 25-7.

Roth, M. 1993. The future of sea lice control in Canada, to treat or not to treat? Northern Aquaculture 9: 25-6,30.

Roth, M., Richards, R. H., Dobson, D. P. & Rae, G. H. 1996. Field trials on the efficacy of the organophosphorus compound azamethipos for the control of sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) infestations of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture 140: 217-239.

Roth, M., Richards, R. H. & Sommerville, C. 1993. Current practices in the chemotherapeutic control of sealice infestations in aquaculture: a review. Journal of Fish Diseases 16: 1-26.

Roy, W. J., Sutherland, I. H., Rodger, H. M. D. & J., V. K. 2000. Tolerance of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) to emamectin benzoate, a new orally administered treatment for sealice. Aquaculture 184: 19-29.

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Savitz, J. D., Wright, D. A. & Smucker, R. A. 1994. Toxic effects of the insecticide Diflubenzuron (Dimilin) on survival and development of nauplii of the estuarine copepod, Eurytemora affinis. Marine Environmental Research 37: 297-312.

Stone, J., Sutherland, I. H., Somerville, C., Richards, C. & Varma, K. J. 2000. Field trials to evaluate the efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of sea lice, Lepeoptheirus salmonis (Kroyer) and Caligus elongatus, Nordmann, infestations in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. Aquaculture 186(205-219).

Stone, J., Sutherland, I. H., Somerville, C., Richards, R. H. & Varma, K. J. 2000. Commercial trials using emamectin benzoate to control sea lice Lepeoptheirus salmonis (Kroyer) infestations in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. Diseases of aquatic organisms 41: 141-149.

Stone, J., Sutherland, I. H., Sommerville, C., Richards, R. H. & Endris, R. G. 2000. The duration of efficacy following oral treatment with emamectin benzoate against infestations of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer), in Atlantic salmon Salmo Salar L. Journal of Fish Diseases 23: 185-192.

Stone, J., Sutherland, I. H., Sommerville, C., Richards, R. H. & Varma, K. J. 1999. The efficacy of emamectin benzoate as an oral treatment of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, infestations in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Journal of Fish Diseases 22: 261-270.

Taylor, R. S. 1987. The biology and treatment of sea-lice on a commercial Atlantic salmon farm. M.Sc. Thesis. University College Cork.

Thain, J. E., Davies, I. M. & Rae, G. H. 1997. Acute toxicity of ivermectin to the lugworm, Arenicola marina. Aquaculture 159: 47-52.

Thomassen, J. M. 1993. Hydrogen peroxide as a delousing agent for Atlantic salmon. In: Pathogens of wild and farmed fish, Boxhall, G. A. & Defaye, D., Ellis Horwood, Chichester: 290-295.

Treasurer, J. W. & Grant, A. 1997. The efficacy of hydrogen peroxide for the treatment of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. infested with sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae). Aquaculture 148: 265-275.

Tully, O. & Morrissey, D. 1989. Concentrations of dichlorvos in Beirtreach Buí Bay, Ireland. Marine Pollution Bulletin 20: 190-191.

Turner, M. J. & Schaeffer, J. M. 1989. Mode of action of ivermectin. In: Ivermectin and Abamectin, Campbell, W. C., Springer-Verlag, New York: 73-88.

Wells, D. E., Robson, J. N. & Finlayson, D. M. 1990. Fate of dichlorvos (DDVP) in sea water following treatment for salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, infestation in Scottish fish farms. Scottish Fisheries Working Paper No 13/90.

Wootten, R. 1985. Experience of sea lice infestations in Scottish salmon farms. ICES(CM1985/F:7/Ref.M): 4.

Wootten, R., Smith, J. W. & Needham, E. A. 1982. Aspects of the biology of the parasitic copepods Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus on farmed salmonids and their treatment. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 81B: 185-97.